Type 1 | Type 2 | Gestational | Other | Diagnosis | Prevention | Insulin

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Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:

• Happens in 90 - 95% of persons diagnosed with diabetes
• Mostly in adults after 30 years of age (may occur at any age)
• Can go undetected for years
• Not prone to Ketoacidosis (see section on Ketoacidosis)
• Signs and Symptoms often not present
• Is a progressive disease

Signs and Symptoms include:

• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Frequent yeast infections
• Occasionally frequent urination and excessive thirst

Cause:

• Strong genetic link
• Insulin resistance (more than enough insulin production; however, the insulin does not work properly at the cell wall)
• Insulin resistance is caused by obesity and lack of exercise
• Not enough insulin production

Treatment:

• Diet and exercise lifestyle changes are a must and first
• Self Blood Glucose Monitoring
• Education
• Add oral medication if diet and exercise is not successful
• Add insulin when above not successful

Goals of Treatment:

Blood glucose control goals should be set by a team comprised of the physician, patient, family members, and Certified Diabetes Educators (RN, RD). Goals should be individualized to fit patient characteristics and needs.

• To achieve near normal blood glucose/sugar control
• To prevent or postpone the development of retinopathy (eye disease), nephropathy (kidney disease), neuropathy (nerve damage), heart disease, and stroke
• Fasting blood glucose/sugar = 80-120 mg/dL
• Bedtime blood glucose/sugar = 100-140 mg/dL
  

Educational Resources: Diabetes Facts

Control is Key	Diabetes and your Skin
Questions you Should Ask your Doctor	Diabetes and your Teeth and Gums
Low Blood Sugar	Diabetes and Stress
Diabetes and Medications	Diabetes and your Nervous System
The HbA1c Test	Diabetes and Insulin Pump Therapy
Diabetes and Smoking	Diabetes and Sex
Diabetes and Drinking	Diabetes and the Holidays
Diabetes and your Eyes	Diabetes and Traveling by Air
Diabetes and your Feet	Diabetes and your Heart
Diabetes and your Kidneys	Helpful Resources

To learn more about Diabetes, choose a topic below.

1. Type One (1) Diabetes... more info click here
2. Type Two (2) Diabetes... more info click here
3. Gestational Diabetes.... more info click here
4. Other ... more info click here
5. Diagnostic Criteria... more info click here
6. Diabetes Prevention... more info click here
7. Insulin... more info click here

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